quali sono tali antiossidanti che hanno il loro effetto sui mitocondri ??
http://www.antipodeanpharma.com/ MitoQ
http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=26522
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2009.06.008
(MitoE)
http://www.lhsyff.org/papers/v1/n4/full/100043.html
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19120018%2C19120017%2C19120016%2C19120015%2C19120014?dopt=AbstractPlus
http://www.abercade.ru/en/materials/analytics/384.html
(Plastoquinione cations o SKQ1)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18754708
http://www.nbrc.ac.in/faculty/ellora/1/EGCG._MMR.pdf
(EGCG)
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/116833021/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
(astaxanthin)
ecco perchè in letteratura è ben documentato che The efficacy of astaxanthin in preventing in vitro peroxidation of mitochondria of rat liver cells can be as high as 100 times that of vitaminE http://www.ruscom.com/cyan/web02/pdfs/bioastin/batl09.pdf
(melatonina) http://www.springerlink.com/content/c571484q84163611/
http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1744-9081-2-15.pdf
Melatonin, disposing of a balanced amphiphilicity, crosses the cell membranes with ease and may be able to concentrate within subcellular compartments [207]. Mitochondrial accumulation has been discussed [205], but this issue has not yet been finally settled. Its amphiphilicity may allow melatonin to act at or even within the membrane. Whether effects on the fluidity of the mitochondrial inner membrane [208] reflect such a property is uncertain, since these experiments were performed under oxidative stress, which leads to membrane rigidization. Moreover, [125I]- iodomelatonin was shown to bind to mitochondrial membranes [209]. It will be of future importance to study directly the entrance, penetration and presence of melatonin in mitochondrial inner membranes.
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/120703705/abstract
Several molecular characteristics of melatonin are decisive for it effects on mitochondria. Melatonin is a highly lipophilic molecule that crosses cell membranes to easily reach subcellular compartments (Menendez-Pelaez and Reiter, 1993) including mitochondria, where it seems to accumulate in high concentrations Martin et al., 2000a M Martin, M Macias, G Escames, J Leon and D Acuña-Castroviejo, Melatonin but not vitamins C and E maintains glutathione homeostasis in t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress, FASEB Journal 14 (12) (2000), pp. 1677–1679. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (96)(Martin et al., 2000a). In addition, melatonin interacts with lipid bilayers (Costa et al., 1997) and stabilizes mitochondrial inner membranes (Garcia et al., 1999), an effect that may improve ETC activity (Acuña-Castroviejo et al., 2001).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2004.03.003