1 sciogliendo in acqua la biodisponibilità non cambia per nulla.
2 il cacao non tostato è introvabile in italia.
3 ti rispondo citanto direttamente da un autorevole studio, Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds that are widely distributed in higher plants and are therefore an integral part of the human diet. Fruit, vegetables, some beverages (tea, coffee, fruit juices, and red wine), and cocoa or chocolate are among the richest food sources (1). Cocoa or chocolate contains flavanols that form a unique class of polyphenols, including monomers (epicatechin and catechin), oligomers, and polymers (proanthocyanidins)(2). Two main types of proanthocyanidins, which differ in their hydroxylation patterns, are known in plants: procyanidins and prodelphinidins. Only procyanidins are present in chocolate. The content of total polyphenols varies between 5 and 8.4 mg/g according to chocolate type and reaches 20 mg/g in cocoa powder(3). Higher values (up to 70 mg/g in cocoa powder) have also been reported (4, 5). Flavanol oligomers and polymers account for ¡Ý 90% of the total polyphenols, and catechin monomers account for only 5¨C10% (4, 6). (Fonte liberamente consultabile: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?CMD=search&DB=pubmed)
4 Ci sono fonti migliori (la stessa cannella è un'ottima fonte)
http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/PA/PA.pdf
2 il cacao non tostato è introvabile in italia.
3 ti rispondo citanto direttamente da un autorevole studio, Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds that are widely distributed in higher plants and are therefore an integral part of the human diet. Fruit, vegetables, some beverages (tea, coffee, fruit juices, and red wine), and cocoa or chocolate are among the richest food sources (1). Cocoa or chocolate contains flavanols that form a unique class of polyphenols, including monomers (epicatechin and catechin), oligomers, and polymers (proanthocyanidins)(2). Two main types of proanthocyanidins, which differ in their hydroxylation patterns, are known in plants: procyanidins and prodelphinidins. Only procyanidins are present in chocolate. The content of total polyphenols varies between 5 and 8.4 mg/g according to chocolate type and reaches 20 mg/g in cocoa powder(3). Higher values (up to 70 mg/g in cocoa powder) have also been reported (4, 5). Flavanol oligomers and polymers account for ¡Ý 90% of the total polyphenols, and catechin monomers account for only 5¨C10% (4, 6). (Fonte liberamente consultabile: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?CMD=search&DB=pubmed)
4 Ci sono fonti migliori (la stessa cannella è un'ottima fonte)
http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/PA/PA.pdf