It would be nice to see some clarification of the different roles of
TGF-B1 and TGF-B2.
Materials were supplied by <http://www.wako-chem.co.jp/>. If you can
read Japanese please tell us how to order, store and use.phosphatidic
acid.
<http://www.jidonline.org/cgi/content/abstract/121/3/448>
Journal of Investigative Dermatology 121, 448-456 (2003)
© 2003 The Society for Investigative Dermatology
Phosphatidic Acid Has a Potential to Promote Hair Growth In Vitro and In
Vivo , and Activates Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular
Signal-Regulated Kinase Kinase in Hair Epithelial Cells
Tomoya Takahashi, Ayako Kamimura, Takako Hamazono-Matsuoka and Shinkichi
Honda*
Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Company, Tsukuba,
Ibaraki, Japan, and * Bio-chemicals Company, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Company,
Ohtemachi, Tokyo, Japan
Phospholipids have recently been discovered to play an important role in
cellular regulation. In this study, we focused on phosphatidic acid and
lysophosphatidic acid, which are phospholipids known to possess
growth-hormonal effects on several types of cells, and examined their
growth-promoting effects on murine hair epithelial cells. We discovered
that phosphatidic acid possesses intensive growth-promotional effects on
hair epithelial cells and epidermal keratinocytes. In contrast,
lyso-phosphatidic acid showed lower growth-promoting effects on hair
epithelial cells relative to phosphatidic acid and showed minimal or no
growth-promoting activity on epidermal keratinocytes. Phosphatidic acid
was also shown to have hair-growing activity to induce the anagen phase
of the hair cycle in the in vivo murine model. For the purpose of
examining the hair-growing mechanisms of phosphatidic acid, we examined
its relationship to the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade linked
to cell proliferation and the transforming growth factor ß signal
pathway known to be a regulator of catagen induction. We confirmed that
phosphatidic acid activates MEK-1/2 and upregulates the expression of
MEK-1/2 in cultured murine hair epithelial cells. Addition of
transforming growth factor ß1 to hair epithelial cell cultures
concentration-dependently decreased cell growth and induced apoptosis;
however, addition of phosphatidic acid to the culture neutralized the
growth-inhibiting effects of transforming growth factor ß1 and protected
the cells from apoptosis. We speculate
TGF-B1 and TGF-B2.
Materials were supplied by <http://www.wako-chem.co.jp/>. If you can
read Japanese please tell us how to order, store and use.phosphatidic
acid.
<http://www.jidonline.org/cgi/content/abstract/121/3/448>
Journal of Investigative Dermatology 121, 448-456 (2003)
© 2003 The Society for Investigative Dermatology
Phosphatidic Acid Has a Potential to Promote Hair Growth In Vitro and In
Vivo , and Activates Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular
Signal-Regulated Kinase Kinase in Hair Epithelial Cells
Tomoya Takahashi, Ayako Kamimura, Takako Hamazono-Matsuoka and Shinkichi
Honda*
Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Company, Tsukuba,
Ibaraki, Japan, and * Bio-chemicals Company, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Company,
Ohtemachi, Tokyo, Japan
Phospholipids have recently been discovered to play an important role in
cellular regulation. In this study, we focused on phosphatidic acid and
lysophosphatidic acid, which are phospholipids known to possess
growth-hormonal effects on several types of cells, and examined their
growth-promoting effects on murine hair epithelial cells. We discovered
that phosphatidic acid possesses intensive growth-promotional effects on
hair epithelial cells and epidermal keratinocytes. In contrast,
lyso-phosphatidic acid showed lower growth-promoting effects on hair
epithelial cells relative to phosphatidic acid and showed minimal or no
growth-promoting activity on epidermal keratinocytes. Phosphatidic acid
was also shown to have hair-growing activity to induce the anagen phase
of the hair cycle in the in vivo murine model. For the purpose of
examining the hair-growing mechanisms of phosphatidic acid, we examined
its relationship to the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade linked
to cell proliferation and the transforming growth factor ß signal
pathway known to be a regulator of catagen induction. We confirmed that
phosphatidic acid activates MEK-1/2 and upregulates the expression of
MEK-1/2 in cultured murine hair epithelial cells. Addition of
transforming growth factor ß1 to hair epithelial cell cultures
concentration-dependently decreased cell growth and induced apoptosis;
however, addition of phosphatidic acid to the culture neutralized the
growth-inhibiting effects of transforming growth factor ß1 and protected
the cells from apoptosis. We speculate